He received the traditional juristic and literary education in his native town of Tangier. “ Ibn Battuta A View of the 14th Century World, Teacher Resource Book.Muslim Traveler.1998, University of California.74 pages, illustrated.Middle school & high school.By Joan Arno & Helen Grady. Hearing of the sultan of Delhi, Muḥammad ibn Tughluq (ruled 1325–51), and his fabulous generosity to Muslim scholars, he decided to try his luck at his court. From Turkey, Battuta crossed the Black Sea and entered the domain of a Golden Horde Khan known as Uzbeg. Coffee Room; The Association Song; Social Drink Photographers; Association Standard; Lost in translation? Nevertheless, he still found time during one stopover to wed a young woman—the first of some 10 wives he would eventually marry and then divorce during his travels. Ibn Battuta travels took him through much of the Islamic world, Africa, and into many parts of the east, including Central and Southeast Asia, India, and China. He made a living of it, benefitting at the beginning from his scholarly status and later from his increasing fame as a traveler. The title of “history’s most famous traveler” usually goes to Marco Polo, the great Venetian wayfarer who visited China in the 13th century. However, Ibn Battuta and Marco Polo traveled between and spread information to and from other lands with different goals. On a separate voyage he crossed the Sahara to the Muslim lands of West Africa. For example, Ibn Battuta utilized his skills in religious teaching to find employment because the religious teaching and law was coveted in almost all Muslim places. He is believed to have worked as a judge in Morocco and died sometime around 1368, but little else is known about him. It lies to the southwest of the crater Lindbergh, and northeast of the prominent Goclenius . Because of that discrepancy, his subsequent dating until 1348 is highly uncertain. Ibn Battuta. He spent the next year dictating his story to a writer named Ibn Juzayy. Arriving in the city of Delhi in 1334, he won employment as a judge under Muhammad Tughluq, a powerful Islamic sultan. His unique and mostly reliable historiography remains valuable for the study of history. Boasting a shared lounge, this property also provides guests with an outdoor pool. But unlike Polo, Ibn Battuta traveled mostly to and within Muslim regions. ” Ibn Baṭṭūṭah was trained as a qadi, a Muslim judge who ruled on matters both religious and civil. He was a Moroccan scholar who widely ventured the medieval world. After his return from Constantinople through the Russian steppes, he continued his journey in the general direction of India. That he achieved his objectives is corroborated by long enumerations of scholars and Sufi (Islamic mystic) saints whom he met and also by a list of diplomas conferred on him (mainly in Damascus). Illustration by Leon Benett from book by Jules Verne, 1878. Upon leaving Africa, Battuta hatched a plan to travel to India, where he hoped to secure a lucrative post as a “qadi,” or Islamic judge. From there, he visited the Somali city of Mogadishu before dipping below the equator and exploring the coasts of Kenya and Tanzania. The Travels of Ibn Battúta: Explorations of the Middle East, Asia, Africa, China and India from 1325 to 1354, An Autobiography. Embarking on a boat in Jiddah, he sailed with a retinue of followers down both shores of the Red Sea to Yemen, crossed it by land, and set sail again from Aden. Both of Battuta’s parents had died by then, so he only remained for a short while before making a jaunt to Spain. 8.1—Exploration & Interconnection. He crisscrossed that “land of the Turks” in many directions at a time when Anatolia was divided into numerous petty sultanates. Battuta stayed in the Byzantine city for a month, visiting the Hagia Sophia and even receiving a brief audience with the emperor. After making a stopover in Sri Lanka, he rode merchant vessels through Southeast Asia. Activity: An Age of Adventure. The crater is circular and symmetrical, with a wide interior floor. Ibn Battuta had different motives. Forced by lack of communications to choose a more indirect route, Ibn Battuta turned northward, again passed Egypt and Syria, and boarded ship for Asia Minor (Anatolia) in Latakia. Ibn Battuta, also spelled Ibn Baṭṭūṭah, in full Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Lawātī al-Ṭanjī ibn Baṭṭūṭah, (born February 24, 1304, Tangier, Morocco—died 1368/69 or 1377, Morocco), the greatest medieval Muslim traveler and the author of one of the most famous travel books, the Riḥlah (Travels). Ibn Battuta was born in Tangier in 1304. Official Site. With different themes adapted from the 14th century travels of the Arab explorer Ibn Battuta, the 396 rooms and suites, boast intricate design details complemented with free Wi-Fi. Ibn Battuta Mall LOCATION. I shall mention here only the names of some of the districts through which he passed, He worked as a qadi in various places, including Delhi, the Maldives, and possibly Morocco toward the end of his life. It’s a short walk from Ibn Battuta Mall, which offers great shopping in themed pavilions, along with casual dining, a cinema and other entertainment options. Ibn Battuta (1304–1368) was a scholar, theologian, adventurer, and traveler who, like Marco Polo fifty years earlier, wandered the world and wrote about it. Your opinion is of great value to us, therefore if you have any comments, questions or suggestions, please contact us at: An Age of Adventure. Following the completion of the Rihla, Ibn Battuta all but vanished from the historical record. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. This great work describes the people, places, and cultures he encountered in his journeys along some 75,000 miles (120,000 km) across and beyond the Islamic world. Oaks Ibn Battuta Dubai is a great hotel to explore Dubai from. Corrections? Ibn Battuta. Through Ibn Battuta's epic 29-year journey, primary pupils can explore core learning topics such as creative writing, pilgrimage, Hajj and early Islamic civilisation. “I set out alone,” he later remembered, “having neither fellow-traveler in whose companionship I might find cheer, nor caravan whose party I might join, but swayed by an overmastering impulse within me and a desire long-cherished in my bosom to visit these illustrious sanctuaries.”. Ibn Battuta’s description of the Byzantine capital is vivid and, in general, accurate. education and connections to either receive donations or find employment. He remained in the idyllic islands for the next year, gorging on coconuts, taking several wives and once again serving as an Islamic judge. It appears that after a lifetime spent on the road, the great wanderer was finally content to stay in one place. Ibn Battuta Mall is located adjacent to Sheikh Zayed Road between interchanges 5 and 6. 8,871 talking about this. His return journey took him to southern Arabia, Oman, Hormuz, southern Persia, and across the Persian Gulf back to Mecca in 1332. China: The First Great Divergence. Though little known outside the Islamic world, Battuta spent half his life tramping across vast swaths of the Eastern Hemisphere. Though modern scholars often question the veracity of Battuta's writings—he may never have visited China, for example, and many of his accounts of foreign lands appear to have been plagiarized from other authors' works—the Rihla is a fascinating look into the world of a 14th-century vagabond. Ibn Battuta is a small lunar impact crater on the Mare Fecunditatis, a lunar mare in the eastern part of the Moon 's near side. He joined a caravan and toured Persia and Iraq, and later ventured north to what is now Azerbaijan. CONTACT US. Having never ventured to a large non-Muslim city, he was stunned by the “almost innumerable” collection of Christian churches within its walls. From Cairo, Ibn Battuta set out via Upper Egypt to the Red Sea but then returned and visited Syria, there joining a caravan for Mecca. There a new, ambitious plan matured in his mind. Ross does a good job of qualifying the possible Chinese visit Ibn … Ibn Battuta in Egypt. That renown was to follow later, however. The trip to the Orient would prove to be the most harrowing chapter of Battuta’s odyssey. The route was rugged and bandit infested, and the young traveler soon developed a fever so severe that he was forced to tie himself to his saddle to avoid collapsing. Omissions? Marco Polo. Ibn Battuta was received cordially and generously by all the local rulers and heads of religious brotherhoods (ākhīs). From Saray he traveled with a caravan to Central Asia, visiting the ancient towns of Bukhara, Samarkand, and Balkh, all of those still showing the scars left by the Mongol invasion. He managed to make it to the port of Calicut, but on the eve of an ocean voyage, his ships blew out to sea in a storm and sank, killing many in his party. Ibn Battuta, Moroccan explorer, in Egypt. Battuta had never kept journals during his adventures, but when he returned to Morocco for good in 1354, the country’s sultan ordered him to compile a travelogue. Please select which sections you would like to print: While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. I'm Andrew—traveler, writer, analog film photographer, and American abroad. The accuracy of that date is doubtful, as it would have been impossible to cover such enormous distances (from Mecca) in the course of only one year. When Ibn Battuta first visited Cairo in 1326, he undoubtedly heard about the visit of Mansa Musa (King of Mali from 1307 to 1332). Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. WHERE IS IBN BATTUTA MALL LOCATED? Battuta next traveled east across the Eurasian steppe before entering India via Afghanistan and the Hindu Kush. Mansa Musa had passed through the city two years earlier making his pilgrimage to Mecca with thousands of slaves and soldiers, wives and officials. On the other hand, the narrative of his visit to Constantinople (now Istanbul) in the retinue of the khan’s wife, a Byzantine princess, seems to be an eyewitness record, although there are some minor chronological discrepancies. FACT CHECK: We strive for accuracy and fairness. (Credit: Fine Art Images/Heritage Images/Getty Images). As he always did in Muslim-controlled lands, he relied on his status as an Islamic scholar to win hospitality from locals. Moving by sea, by camel caravan and on foot, he ventured into over 40 modern day nations, often putting himself in extreme danger just to satisfy his wanderlust. During his travels, he covered around 75,000 miles of ground which included much of the Islamic Empire and beyond. He was loath to return to Delhi and face the sultan, however, so he elected to make a sea voyage south to the Indian Ocean archipelago of the Maldives. His travels might have ended there, but having completed his pilgrimage, he decided to continue wandering the Muslim world, or “Dar al-Islam.” Battuta claimed to be driven by a dream in which a large bird took him on its wing and “made a long flight towards the east…and left me there.” A holy man had interpreted the dream to mean that Battuta would roam across the earth, and the young Moroccan intended to fulfill the prophecy. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Born in Tangier, Morocco, Ibn Battuta came of age in a family of Islamic judges. Click on the world map to view an example of the explorer’s voyage. This extraordinary adventurer was Ibn Battuta. He intended to complete his hajj—the Muslim pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca—but he also wished to study Islamic law along the way. This is the currently selected item. Battuta’s next few years were a whirlwind of travel. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. The claim of Ibn Battuta to be “the traveler of Islam” is well founded: it is estimated that the extent of his wanderings was some 75,000 miles (120,000 km), a figure hardly surpassed by anyone before the age of steam power. He lived from 1304 to 1368/1369 and is renowned for his travelogue, Rihla, which simply means Travels. Nevertheless, he always felt happier in the realm of Islam than in non-Muslim lands, whether Christian, Hindu, or pagan. Updates? Short Introduction; Become a member; Booksale; Contact; Buddy System ; Remainder. Abu Abdullah Muhammad Ibn Battuta, better known by his surname Ibn Battuta, was a great Medieval traveler and explorer. Why Early Globalization Matters. Thus, his narrative provides a valuable source for the history of that country between the end of the Seljuq power and the rise of the house of Ottoman. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The Sheikh Ibn Batuta, the author of these travels, left his native city, Tanjiers, for the purpose of performing the pilgrimage in the 725th year of the Hejira (A.D. 1324-5). Please read and enjoy! In 1325, at the age of 21, he started his travels by undertaking the pilgrimage (hajj) to Mecca. Battuta might have stayed in the Maldives even longer, but following a falling out with its rulers, he resumed his journey to China. The string of disasters left Battuta stranded and disgraced. In 1325, at age 21, he left his homeland for the Middle East. Activity: World Travelers. His travels were independent of his occupation, however, and depended on the support of benefactors. Ibn Battuta was from a family that produced a number of Muslim judges (qadis). He brought the message back from distant places. According to his narrative, he undertook an excursion from Saray to Bulgary on the upper Volga and Kama, but there are reasons to doubt his veracity on that point. Depended on the Red Sea Coast tramping across vast swaths of the eastern African Coast, visiting Hagia. Widely ventured the medieval world his status as an Islamic scholar to win from... 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